Considering that a single epidemiological study may not be sufficient to determine the effect of periodontal disease on prostate cancer risk, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of previous studies to further elucidate the association between periodontal disease and prostate cancer risk.
( 12) suggested that periodontal disease is not associated with the increased risk of prostate cancer (hazard ratio =3.75, 95% confidence interval : 0.95-10.21), whilst Arora et al. Results about the association between periodontal disease and prostate cancer are conflicting ( 11– 13). Recently, the association between periodontal disease and the risk of cancer development has attracted research attention, especially for pancreatic, head and neck, and lung cancers ( 8– 10). Moreover, severe periodontal disease has affected 743 million people worldwide ( 7). The cumulative burden of periodontal disease increased significantly between 19, resulting in a 64% increase in disability, which posed a great public health challenge for policy makers ( 6). Periodontal disease, a complex microbial inflammatory disease of the periodontium, partly causes tooth loss. Available data show that the risk factors for prostate cancer include age, family history and race, which limit its prevention ( 4, 5). Approximately 164.690 new cases of prostate cancer were diagnosed in 2019 and led to 29.430 deaths, as estimated by the American Cancer Society ( 3). Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide ( 1, 2).
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